Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Retraites : un expert de la finance explique le sujet à deux citoyens.

You want to use your private private income to finance a city in Spain, finance your retraite, go to the moon, go to a vacation.

You're talking about ultra-richs?

The conclusion I'm the most likely to do is a baisse of the 30% of the retirement rate around 2035-2040.

8% of the French understand the system of the retirement.

The retirement rate by capitalization, each one for his own.

The public system is not in faillite.

You're not trying to make a lot of people for a while.

If we solve the problem of the retirement, we solve everything.

Faux.

I'm going to say that it's true, because it's in part true for the public finances.

It's the heart of the public finances, but it's true, we don't solve everything with the retraites.

Working until 67 years, it's unacceptable.

Vrai.

Faux.

The suspension of the reform of 2023 is a error of 1,8 billion euros per year.

Faux.

Faux, it's plus.

Faux, it's 40 billion euros per year.

The capitalization is the retirement of the rich.

Vrai.

Faux in theory, a little true in practice because we don't have a collective capitalization.

Because we have the repartition.

But we could have a collective capitalization.

It's true in France, precisely because there are only rich who can afford to pay for the rest.

It's necessary to introduce a capitalization in the French system.

Faux.

It's already there, but it's already there.

It's minuscule, it's at 2%, it's largely increasing.

It's not a retirement.

Faux.

It's faux.

Faux.

The boomers have lived over the years in the next generation.

Too complex to answer by the fact or by the fact, I'm sorry.

It's factually true, but they weren't aware.

Same answer that Thomas.

If we have a superficie of this subject, we see that we were at 4 active for 1,7% for 1% today.

But that is a superficie.

It is to say that in 1960, I take the same year of base, we have 2x less, 2x less of active per retraite, it is true.

But each active produces 3x4x more of richness.

So in reality, our collective capacity, the active, to finance the retirement, the current retirement, is better today than 1960.

So all this discussion on the demographic degradation, it's people who only look at the demographic without taking into account the variable, the spectacular amount of productivity.

And that's why this reasoning is true.

Then there are others, but not the only prejudices that I hear.

I can respond quickly on the productivity?

With pleasure on the productivity ...

It's not that I'm going to be a bad thing.

It's because it's a bad thing.

You take a bad thing and then you say it's bad.

But no, no, no, no, I'm not.

I'm not.

So, the productivity is one of the key factors of the financing of a retirement system.

And it has evolved positively.

And it's very good.

And it's because of that we can keep the head out of the law, despite the demographic change, as important as it is.

And it's also a reality.

It's not that we have the head out of the world, but it's not that the collective collective of the active is superior to the 1960s.

But on can't say that the French Compte Publics do anything else than to maintain the head out of the law.

I mean, it's actually a reform which is why we have so many reforms at each time.

That is a reality, but it is a reality that we can't do it.

And the productivity, there are two things.

The first one, it is that yes, it will even better thanks to the IA, to the robotization of the economy.

So, to finance the constitution of a sovereign fund of retraites by capitalization, complementing the system by repartition, taxing robots and the IA,

which will bring this gain of productivity.

Why not a public fund?

public capitalization a public a company the company the company they do already very well so

we will be able to use the productivity but what we should also say is that the French

in not saying that because the simple fact that the

and the way that productivity increases more than

that it is to be a good

but there you will see it is a good you will see the difference so that productivity increases

more than that the ratio between active and retraités it works

rather than taking an example but the daily

the people understand the ratio of the expense that you use

doesn't even know the situation on which you want to do Well, of course, but you don't have to finish the examples.

And you say that it's a mess.

It's complicated.

Yes, the ratios don't work.

It's for that.

So it's not a good technology.

Sure.

So, on the productivity, there is also another reality, which is that these 15 years, the productivity in France has been increased.

And one of the reasons that explains it, according to what I can read, according to the economists, is that, among other words, the economy is more productive

because the companies can of more and less invest in because there are more and more, and that is a reality also, of charges and impôts who pay on the work.

But how does it make us the number one in Europe of directs and foreign investments if we are an enfer?

Yes, yes, yes.

But then, I don't understand if it's wrong, if it's difficult...

But to say that the companies in France can easily invest easily and that they are encouraged to do it, it's still...

The reality is that the current system is very low.

I just say that the diagnostics are contradictors.

If we were a enfer of investments, we wouldn't be a paralytic accueil of investments.

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It's not a sophism, it's not a sophism.

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It's not a sophism, it's not a sophism.

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The trade by the epargne, because we talk about capitalization, I prefer to talk about the trade by the epargne.

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It can be individual, it can be collective.

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But the trade by the apartheid, it's also to go out of money, out of France, to make it to the French.

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And that, instead of being used to behave like idiots of the world, that we have been 50 years old, that we become a little more a-run money, and that we also seek a rentability.

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In parlant of chasseurs...

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The debate is still between you two.

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Just to be...

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In parlant of chasseurs...

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Just to be honest...

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Because from all the debate, the debate is happening between you two.

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I'm sorry, but I also want to pay with the tax tax tax tax tax.

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I'm sorry, because I have a capitalization individual on the products where there is no frais, so that it doesn't go in frais,

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for not to give an advantage fiscal to the companies, for that it really goes to people.

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Well, on the vehicles of investment, I have no money to pay for it.

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They don't have a profit.

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I'm sorry, but I'm sorry.

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I'm more favorable to a complete defiscalization of the PEA, which is a problem of sovereignty also for France.

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Okay.

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Because, again once, and I repeat it, 8% of the French only understand this system.

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It is to take a look at the view.

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The France, it's only 2% of the expenses of the retirement are of capitalization.

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D'accord?

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2%.

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Spain, 5%, Italy, 8%, Germany, 12%, Suède, 33%, Great Britain,

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50%, and the Pays-Bas, 60%.

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I just want to know one thing.

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We are clearly, and it's factually,

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in this big planet system where every time we have in all countries a mix system between capitalization and repartition.

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Why, Thomas, you consider it that it is absolutely not only a repartition?

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Okay.

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Why?

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Yes, I hear you.

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I have no problem with the private private private.

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In fact, for me, the private private private, it's just an intention of doing something with the fric that you are in the way of doing and placing.

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It's just an epargne.

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It's a particular category of epargne.

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It's all.

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It's an epargne private.

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I have no problem with that.

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You make what you want with your pognon but not with tax expenses on our tax impôt.

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I refuse that the tax credit is that the tax credit will benefit from the tax credit.

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These tax credit are paid by all those who pay the tax, and I remind you that we pay all the tax credit, because at least we pay all the TVA.

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So if you want to use your tax credit for financing a tax credit in Spain, to finance your tax credit, to go on the moon, you pay a vacation.

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You talk about the extra money?

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You are not a French French.

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You are not a French French.

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Because they have no power of money.

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I have said that it's not the ultra-rich.

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You are absolutely what you want with your income,

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but not with the tax incentives which are financed with our impetus.

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Why are there tax incentives?

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Because the system is dominated by...

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Because the parties of the right, when they are in power, do tax incentives for their tax incentives

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in their political clientele which is made of the detainees

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and detainees of the patrimoine

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and it's there to help to finance the companies I'm in agreement with you

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but to help to finance the companies I don't know

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if this is the most important thing and it's there where Thomas I respond

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I respond to you that you say you want to do what you want with your money

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but the people don't have money because they already pay the system by repartition, how do they do it? it's a reality

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how do they do it? it's a reality you have a

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salaried media I want to know how to do it for a part of it How do they do for a price?

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There are 700 dollars that they pay in the cotisation every month.

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If it was invested...

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You talk about ultra-riches.

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I don't know what I said, but it's not a problem.

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If you say, you say, you do what you want with your money, there are only ultra-riches who can't pay in the same time as the repartition.

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Well, for starting...

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In fact, if you want to tell me how to do for the people who can't pay for the debt?

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The majority of the French.

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The French is the way.

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I'm completely coherent.

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that the retraites are not repartible for everyone.

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Because it's like everyone has one.

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In other countries, they don't have one?

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Because if you...

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It's not a country that the only country who has not done at all of a repartible is the China, at the time of the dictator Pinochet.

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And they came from...

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The China?

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The Chilean has done the reform of the retraites with no repartible repartible.

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They are found with a very low pension and they have ended up abandoning this system.

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Is that what you have heard of defending the pure capitalization?

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I ask you why you don't want to make a mix between the two.

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I'm not saying that I'm saying that in all the world, there is a retraite by repartition.

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Of course, it's what we've said from all the time.

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But why you don't want to do the two?

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Why don't you want to do the cohabitation of the two?

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I didn't understand.

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What I said precisely is that you do what you want with your e-pargne, including...

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You're very rich, yes.

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It would be necessary to stop me with the words, because I'm not going to finish the phrase and it's very agaçant.

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So I would say you have a repartition, that's guaranteed, it's a social.

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And then if you have a pognon to pay for a few buts, do it.

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And if it makes a mistake, it's very good.

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Because the social social is the heritage of Vichy, dear friends.

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René Belin, the minister of work, it's not the truth.

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The left has made a lot of history.

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And I think you will recognize it.

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Because in fact, this fable, the report will be done with 20 seconds.

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I assure you that it will not be 20 seconds.

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That's incredible.

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The time is going on, we have not enough time.

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I just wanted to finish because, once again, I was cut.

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So the man who prepared his coups for making a retraite by repartition equal.

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This idea...

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We'll do that and it's part.

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This is an intellectual intellectual.

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Well, the people will check it as always.

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This idea, this idea, this idea,

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this idea, this idea that the retraite by repartition is a heritage of Gauche is a...

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The guy wants to place this thing, he wants to put things that I didn't say.

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I didn't say that you didn't say that.

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You said that it was a conquest.

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Yes, because we are in a debate, if you don't want to talk to me, you say it's not a debate It's not a debate, it's a debate Yes, I place my argument I place,

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I place, I place If you please, if you please, if you please Jean Jaurès was for capitalization,

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my friend The one who introduced the repartition and was then after the national council of resistance was the regime

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What he doesn't mean to say...

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It's not a lot of time.

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It's very frustrating.

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The debate in these conditions is very frustrating.

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He is in the permanent denigment of the arguments of the other.

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He says that it's a shit, that it's a circus.

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And that's not a very very virulent debate.

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So I'm going to take a look at a lot of time

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and to separate and to understand that we're talking about the fées and not your parents or whatever.

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Thank you.

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if today, someone who has 25 years, we have talked about the retirement system, what do you advise you?

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What do you do?

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Because there is the theory of what it would be, but there is the concrete life and the people who live today.

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In reality, the scenario the most probable,

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it is a pretty bad of the retirement in the 15 years.

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Malgré all, in all, when we look at what happened in the 10 countries who have the same problem as we these 40 years ago,

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when we look at the budget budgetary numbers of France, the way how the interest rates are in the way to evolve, when we look at all this,

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the conclusion to which I arrive the most probable is a increase of the rate of 30% of the retirement around 2035-2040.

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So we can say that it is It's not possible to generate the epargne and to place the epargne at long term,

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because if we place the epargne at short term or long term, we can't do the same choices, and to go look for something like 5% per year,

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the rendement of the epargne.

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someone who is a private employee who is currently a employee of the private employee, we can say that if he puts 5% of what he gains to 5% of annual income,

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which he does from his 30 to his 62 years, he will have a very correct retirement retirement for complete his retirement retirement.

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I care about it that the most possible people know the reality of the system today

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and that we reflect collectively in the case of this presidential campaign to have a supplementary financing.

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Because if we limit, in my sense, to the wages and imposter, it's not optimal in the sense that there are other sources of financing

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that all the other countries do not use and that we can offer in complement.

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What is very sad in all this, is that the system by repartition, if it remains a single,

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it will not, except to have a huge amount of income, financer.

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Financer, voilà.

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Et donc, à mon sens, il faut qu'on fasse de l'ingénierie, entre guillemets, collective pour aller chercher du rendement, de l'argent, là où il est.

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Et moi, les propositions que je mets sur la table, c'est les touristes et les robots.

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Voilà.

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Thomas, et après je te laisserai la parole, Simon.

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Alors, plusieurs choses.

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Pourquoi je suis pour qu'on ait les retraites par répartition et basta ?

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It's not a relationship with Vichy or Leon Blum or Jaurès or Napoleon.

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I am for the retraites by repartition because this system is, for everyone to be precise, all the active for all the retrainers.

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It's a system that is inherently inhaling and solidified.

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The retraites by capitalization, by definition, it's each one for his own.

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So, in one case, I'm morally agree with this system and politically agree with this system, but in the other, I'm not sure.

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So I don't allow you to pay for your rent, but you do it with your money and without your income, you can pay for the tax benefits on the pay for a private loan.

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My position is clear.

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Next, the other point that I wanted to mention, is that since you have made some proposals, I will also make some proposals.

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So, we can perfectly finance the equilibrium, or the excédent, if we suppress the exoneration of the dividends,

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if we remove the exoneration patronal because why we have an exoneration patronal on the payroll, I don't see it.

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And, especially, what I think...

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For the uniting the chômage.

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No, but...

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For the uniting the chômage.

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The lien of causality between the two is absolutely not demonstrated. And, especially...

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On augmente the charges, there's no choice.

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And, especially, and, especially, sanctioning lourdement the inégalities salariales, women and women and increasing the SMIC.

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The system by repartition and precisely a system

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that favor the inequalities of women because women have more than ever have a career.

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And when we have a career, in the calculation of the retirement, it is very very, how to say,

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nuisible for the pension that we touch on the retirement.

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So the idea that the retirement by repartition would be the solution to the inequalities between men

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and women is not quite correct correct.

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C'est parce que je dis, ça tombe bien.

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Je t'ai laissé parler, Thomas.

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Oui, bien sûr.

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Mais c'est pas ce que j'ai dit.

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Laisse-moi parler.

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Donc, tu m'as dit et tu es cohérent, tu as dit que moralement,

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tu étais pour la répartition parce que c'était solidaire, que c'était les uns pour les autres.

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Chacun pour tous.

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Et que dans la capital, tu n'es pas capable de laisser parler l'autre.

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Vous faites la même chose tous les deux.

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C'est pas grave.

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Vous n'êtes pas capable de ne pas intervenir une fois que je le parle.

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C'est incroyable.

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Simon, I don't do exactly the same thing.

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So Simon, you can finish, there is no longer time.

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Well, I'll listen to you.

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So, I said that for you, morally, we have understood.

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Why not both in the same time?

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Because morally, a system where everyone is for his own, I have no reason to favor it.

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And concerning women, I have not said that the system of repartition, you have to listen to Simon, I have not said that the system of repartition would not correct the inequalities of women.

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What I said is that for the system of repartition to return to the equilibrium, it is to fight the inequalities of women, women, and there, especially by the amendments quite lourdes,

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the recruitment of more than inspectors of work to respect the law, etc. But moral, you said, when you win, when you win,

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when you win, So it's for that I'm going to ask

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when you respond with firmness to a thing that I haven't said.

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I understand, but again, you gain your life, so there is also a mix of two.

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We pay for the money for the solidarity, and there is also a mix of two because you gain your life, maybe you pay your money, maybe you can't pay your money, and it's all at all,

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and so you're all at all with this cohabitation between I'm going to pay my own life and help others.

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So why in the case of retraites, this cohabitation is going to be a problem?

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I've already answered two times, so I'm not going to answer three times.

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Okay, the spectators will be able to answer your question.

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Because you will still repeat the same argument.

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Because the objective of a debate is to isolate the variable, the nœud of our different environment.

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I'm going to finish by saying that I've already answered one, two, three times.

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It's a parade because you're not coincé.

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It's just that there's a moment you've got to vary your arguments.

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Mathias, you've never explained it.

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Mathias, last words?

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It's not grave to be coincé.

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It's really that.

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It's not grave to be coincé.

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I know you're young, but it's really...

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I wanted to answer a point

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that was raised by Simon a little bit earlier on the system that would be more favorable to the workers.

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Some consider that it is true in the way it is calculated, but in reality, in fact...

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I didn't say that it was favorable to the workers, I said that there was less than the workers for the workers.

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In fact, it's a thought that it's a thought that the workers would be...

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I never said that.

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I think that the people of the private private private in France in average have a little bit similar.

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It's just that they have less salary during their career and a little bit more.

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So, in fact, to put on the staff on the staffs will not allow to solve the problem.

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And then, we get with Thomas to have a good job for the most large number, and a collective system that protects the people who are the most fragile.

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On is not sure about the start of the age of the start, by the way.

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I'm against the start of the start of the age of the start of the start of the year

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because each career is individualized.

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I'm for an individualization.

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I see my parents, they didn't have a desire to go to the retraite at 60 years.

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My father, he had a career intellectual. So, obviously...

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I'm for the individualization of the career.

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I have an individualization of the career.

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I have a great proposition

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that's just to say that we have an age of start at the retraite free for the Black but legal, for the Black, all the Black, which is...

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Ah, it's important to protect the job.

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It's obvious that it's important to protect the job.

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But in general, the idea that they are going to go to the job, non.

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They try to keep as long as possible for having the top 1 and then to be free of their job.

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And so I think...

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To end the debate, the debate was more rude than usual.

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It's not always like that.

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It's never like that.

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It's like that for now.

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Because it's the job that's the job.

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We could have a legal age of departure at the job

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which would not be the same if we are at the job or at the job.

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I am for the 60th grade of the Blue.

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A Black who works for 65 years, it doesn't really shock me.

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I can imagine myself working for 65 years.

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But why not 50 years?

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What is this?

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It's a good question.

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Why not 50 years?

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There are some jobs where it's necessary.

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I don't think that, for example, a living in a living, I don't think that they should work for 50 years.

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I'm sure there are some jobs.

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But you have 60 years.

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Yes, because it's in charge of your physical state.

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Pardon de le dire comme ça, mais c'est ça la variable fondamentale.

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Et voir des délabrements psychiques aussi.

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Mais ça, ça se mesure.

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C'est des indicateurs de pénibilité qu'un certain nombre d'organisations patronales refusent de mettre comme indicateurs pour calculer le départ à la retraite.

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Et c'est bien dommage, parce que c'est un truc objectif.

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De dire, tu es dans une profession où l'état de délabrement fait que tu dois partir certainement pas à 65 ans.

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Est-ce que vous voulez un pilote de ligne ?

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70 ans, moi non.

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La différence, c'est entre...

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Si il est compétent et si il est bon, il y en a.

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For concluding the debate, I think we share the same objective, it is to have a security security that will recover absolutely everyone,

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and you propose to finance it by the socialization, not the debt.

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By the economy, in any case, by France.

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And I propose to finance it a little like that, but also by looking for performance, where it is.

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And it is all around the world.

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I consider that there is no reason to be deprived.

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And if I'm a little bit of a question for terminar, I would say that the problem is that the capitalization,

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the principle of capitalization, it is very difficult to say that it doesn't work.

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We can say it's bad, but it doesn't work.

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It's very difficult.

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And so if ever all the population becomes an economy who capitalizes,

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we have perhaps a ideological problem for a part of the left, for whom the capitalization is a problem by definition.

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So it is possible

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that one of the reasons of opposition to the generalization of the capitalization in the country is also a little bit ideological.

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It is possible also that the opposition...

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J'aurais, it was for the capitalization.

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You were saying that Mathias, you were going to launch something.

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It is possible also that the partisans of the private pay-per-partition of private pay-per-partition is a problem with the concept of solidarity.

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It works in the two senses.

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We have to find a balance.

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It is possible that the party is a problem with the solidarity.

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We have to find a balance.

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Thank you.

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Thank you all.

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